hard water hair loss
Warning: The NCBI website requires JavaScript to operate. Research from India, Effects of hard water on hairGautham SrinivasanDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaChakravarthi Rangachari SrinivasDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences The water hardness is determined by the amount of salts (calcium carbonate [CaCO3] and magnesium sulfate [MgSO4]) present in the water. The hardness of the water used to wash the hair can cause hair fragility. Objective: The objective of the following study is to compare the tensile strength and elasticity of the hair treated in hard water and the hair treated in distilled water. Materials and Methods:10-15 strands of hair length 15-20 cm, lost during the hairstyle were obtained from 15 volunteers. Each sample was cut in the middle to get 2 sets of hair per volunteer. A set of 15 samples was immersed in hard water and the other in distilled water for 10 minutes in alternate days. The procedure was repeated for 30 days. The tensile strength and elasticity of the hair treated in hard water and distilled water was determined using the INSTRON universal strength tester. Results:The contents of caCO3 and MgSO4 of hard water and distilled water were determined as 212.5 ppm of CaCO3 and 10 ppm of CaCO3 respectively. The tensile strength and elasticity were determined in each sample and the average values were compared using the t test. The mean (SD) of the tensile force of the hard-treated hair was 105.28 (27.59) and in distilled water was 103.66 (20.92). No statistical significance was observed in the tensile force, t = 0.181, P = 0.858. The mean hair elasticity treated in hard water was 37.06 (2.24) and in distilled water was 36.84 (4.8). No statistical significance was observed in elasticity, t = 0.161, P = 0.874.Conclusion: The hardness of the water does not interfere with the tensile strength and elasticity of the hair. INTRODUCTIONThe loss and decommissioning of heirs is a common problem. Patients often involve the use of hard water in the hair for their boiler and breakage and believe that soft water avoids damage. The hardness in the water is that characteristic, which avoids the snare of soap. The hardness in the water is imparted by salts in the water. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) are the salts that are found in excess in hard water.[] The hardness of the water can be classified as temporary and permanent hardness. The temporary hardness is mainly due to the bicarbonate salts dissolved in the water and can be removed by boiling. The permanent hardness is mainly due to the sulphate salts dissolved in water and cannot be eliminated by boiling. This study was undertaken to determine whether the hard water would negatively affect the tensile strength and elasticity of the hair. The MATERIALS and METHODS were selected from 15 women volunteers from 20 to 25 years of age. 10-15 strands of hair length 15-20 cm, which was lost during the hairstyle was obtained from each volunteer. The hair was cut in the middle to get 2 samples per volunteer. Each sample contained 10-15 strands of hair. The hair was wrapped on distal glass rods to proximal end and tied on both ends with nylon threads []. A set of 15 hair samples was immersed in hard water and another set of 15 samples was immersed in distilled water for 10 minutes in alternate days and dry air. This procedure was repeated for 30 days. The amount of CaCO3 and MgSO4 in hard water and distilled water was determined by water analysis, hardness estimation by the method of tetraaceta ethythydiamine.[] The tensile strength and elasticity for 5 hairs was determined separately for each sample by INSTRON 5500R (universal strength) []. The machine works at the beginning of the constant speed of extension and pneumatic clamps were used during the process []. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 19 (IBM, ). Statistical significance is defined as the P-haired wound in the glass rod and tied at both ends with nylon threads The hair placed between INSTRONRESULTSWater clamps can be classified according to hardness as follows.[] Table 1 Water rating based on hardness The amount of salts (CaCO3 and MgSO4) present in the hard water and the distilled water used in the study is given in .Table 2Water Analysis ReportMean traction force and elasticity values of the 15 samples treated with hard water and distilled water are shown in .Table 3The dissile strength and elasticity of hair samples treated in hard water The average values were compared using t-test [].Table 4 Statistical Analysis Report There was no statistical difference in tensile strength and elasticity between the two groups. DISCUSSIONHair has been one of the important assets for older people. The deceptive advertisements about the increase of hair force are common these days and this exploits the individual's concern for the hair. In many places there is water shortage and groundwater is used for cleaning and washing purposes. It is commonly believed that the use of hard water results in the breakdown of the hair. This study was performed to compare the tensile strength and elasticity of the treated hair with hard water and soft water. Our study designed to study the hair under the usual circumstances showed that there was no statistical difference in tensile strength and elasticity between the hair treated with hard water and distilled water, however in the presence of higher salt content or if the hair is exposed to hard water for longer periods, findings can be altered. CONCLUSION Based on the previous study it can be concluded that there was no statistical difference in tensile strength and elasticity between the hair treated with hard water and distilled water, so we conclude that the hard water does not interfere with the tensile strength and elasticity of the hair. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSall authors sincerely thank Mr. R. Pasupathi, M.Tech, MBA, Department of Textile Physics, of the Association of Textile Research of South India, Coimbatore for his guidance to determine the tensile strength and elasticity of the hair in INSTRON. Footnotes Source of Support: Conflict of Interest Nil: None declared. REFERENCESFormats: Share , 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA
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